Person, Soul, and Identity

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 The Crisis of the Self-Metaphysics and Science-Existentialism and the Self-Failure of Identity in Practice-Dualism and the Soul-The Meaning of Representation-Why Platonism?-Modern Accounts of Platonism-Summary

1•Soul as Separable Entity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Some Early Ideas of Identity-The Alcibiades Argument-Why Soul is Thought to be Immortal- Answers to Possible Objections-The Principle of Self-Motion-Criticisms of Self-Motion-The Two Accounts of the Soul; Their Inner Relation; Circular Motion

2•The Psycho-Physical Complex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 Personal Identity in Neoplatonism-Soul and Matter-Some Plotinian Arguments-An Anticipation of a Kantian Argument-Soul and Infinity-The Concept of Self-Memory and the Temporal Person-Soul-Body Interaction-Intelligence and Individuation-Can There be a Form of the Individual?-Form, Individual, and Person-How Far the Self is Empirical-Plotinus and Monism

3•Soul and Identity in St. Augustine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101 The Relevance of Augustine's Idea of Identity-Exemption from Magnitude-Growth without Extension-Sensation as Psychical Activity-Whether the Soul Can be Divisible -Self-Knowledge as Index of Spirituality-Sources of the Cogito Argument in St. Augustine-Some Consequences of the Augustinian Cogito Argument-Knowledge of Eternal Truths-Summary

4 • Substance, Individuation, and Plenitude. . . . . . . . . . . .133 Personal Identity according to Leibniz-An Answer to Locke: Innate Ideas-Eternal Truths and Identity-Eternal Truths and God-Self as Unique Monad-The Principle of Individuation-A Criticism of Self-Individuation-Whether Monads Can Interact-Neoplatonic Comparisons

5 •An Empirical Account of Identity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161 The Subject from a Different Point of View-Identity in Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding-Material and Spiritual Substances-Man and Person-The Problem of Self-Continuity-A Condition for Veridical Memory-Implications for Moral Responsibility-Identity and Mental Data: a Paradox-The Effects of Quasi-Memory-The Unity of the Self-Whether Self is Experienced-The Question of "Branch Line" Identity

6•Answers to Analytical Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189 Philosophy and Science-Scientific Explanation-Criteria for Personhood-Self as Extensive Quantity-Moral Implications of the Materialist Theory-The Body's Role in Identity-Individuation and the Body-Cartesian Questions-Body-Soul Interaction-Conscious Being and Duality-Experience of the Self-No-Self and Pathology

7•Some Metaphysical Issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217 The Synthetic Unity-Identity, Logic, and Morality-Duality in the Conscious Being-Fabre D'Olivet and Composite Identity-Further Remarks on the Composite-The Vehicle of the Soul-The Question of Illusion

Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235 Body and Individuation-Empirical and Mystical-Monism and Sources of Individuation-Dualities in Identity-Christian and Platonic Ideas-Monistic and Dualistic Experience-Immortal Soul, Transcendence, Free Will-How the Soul May be Manifest-A New Kind of Humanity?

Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253